Present Perfect

Present Perfect

O presente perfeito é marcado pela forma:
Sujeito + have/has + verbo principal no particípio + complemento.
Susan has been to England. (Susan esteve na Inglaterra).
O presente perfeito pode ser usado para indicar:

1- Ações que começaram no passado e continuam até o presente.
She has worked at the hospital since April. (Ela trabalha/ tem trabalhado no hospital desde abril).
I have exercised at the gym lately. (Eu tenho me exercitado na academia ultimamente).
They have organized their wedding. (Eles têm organizado o casamento deles).

2- Ações que ocorreram em um tempo não determinado (indefinido) no passado.
I have been to the U.S.A. (Eu estive nos E.U.A.)
She has traveled to England. (Ela viajou para a Inglaterra).
You have made a delicious apple pie. (Você fez uma torta de maçã deliciosa).
3- Ações que acabaram de acontecer.
They have just left. (Eles acabaram de sair).
Jane has just made the lunch. (Jane acabou de preparar o almoço).
I have just done the dishes. (Acabei de lavar a louça).
Para as frases negativas, basta acrescentar o “not” após “have/has”. E nas frases interrogativas, basta colocar o “have/has” no início da frase.

Negativa	Interrogativa
I have not / I haven’t	Have I …?
You have not / you haven’t	Have you…?
He has not / he hasn’t	Has he…?
She has not / she hasn’t	Has she…?
It has not / it hasn’t	Has it…?
We have not / we haven’t	Have we…?
You have not / you haven’t	Have you…?
They have not / they haven’t	Have they…?

Ex.: She hasn’t organized the house. (Ela não organizou a casa).
They haven’t painted their house yet. (Eles ainda não pintaram a casa deles).

Has she called Susan? (Ela ligou para a Susan?).
Has he watched a lot of movies? (Ele assistiu a muitos filmes?)

Questão 1

Supply the present perfect tense of the verbs given:
Example:
I have already     written     the book. (write)
a) He_______________________________here for three months. (work)
b) They ________________________________ to Australia many times. (go)
c) __________________ you ever________________ to Paris? (be)
d) My family __________________________________me recently. (visit)
e) My parents ________________________________yet. (not arrive)

Resposta 1:

a) He has worked here for three months.
b) They have gone to Australia many times.
c) Have you ever been to Paris?
d) My family have visited me recently.
e) My parents haven't arrived yet.
A estrutura do Presente Perfect é:
Para as afirmativas: SUJEITO + PRESENTE SIMPLES DO VERBO TO HAVE + PARTICÍPIO PASSADO DO VERBO PRINCIPAL.
Para as negativas: PRESENTE SIMPLES DO VERBO TO HAVE + NOT + PARTICÍPIO PASSADO DO VERBO PRINCIPAL.
Para as interrogativas: PRESENTE SIMPLES DO VERBO TO HAVE + SUJEITO + PARTICÍPIO PASSADO DO VERBO PRINCIPAL + ?

Questão 2:

Make sentences in the present perfect with the words below:

a) (They / study / English)
___________________________________________________________
b) (He / eat / French fries)
____________________________________________________________
c) (Their family / go / to Italy)
____________________________________________________________
d) (I / read / that book)
____________________________________________________________
e) (They / live / here for five weeks)
____________________________________________________________

Resposta2:

Basta seguir a estrutura típica do Present Perfect.
a) They studied English.
b) He has eaten French fries.
c) Their family have been to Italy. / Their family have gone to Italy.
d) I have read that book.
e) They have lived here for five weeks.

Questão 3:

UNIP) Things ___________ a lot since October.
a) changed has
b) are changing
c) has changed
d) change
e) have changed

Resposta 3:

e) have changed
Nesse caso, é necessário apenas observar a estrutura do Present Perfect (Have + verbo no passado (have changed)) para saber qual é a alternativa correta.

Questão 4:

(ITA) A: Would you like some more whisky?
B: Yes, you ___________ it.
a) have already drunk
b) have already drink
c) already drink
d) has already drunk
e) have already drinking

Resposta 4:

a) Yes, you have already drunk it.
Do mesmo modo, basta seguir a estrutura desse tempo verbal.

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